President Clinton signed the Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996 (FAIR Act) into law on April 4, 1996. The new law makes major changes in some commodity programs, especially feed grains and wheat. After more than 35 years of conforming to acreage restrictions, grain farmers will have nearly unlimited discretion in selecting crops to grow and still be eligible to receive government "transition" payments. Changes in other commodity programs, including dairy, were substantially less dramatic. In this paper, we discuss the dairy title of the FAIR Act. We begin by tracing the evolution of the dairy title. We then present a brief sketch of the major provisions, followed by a more analytical discussion of their rationale and their likely effect on the Wisconsin dairy industry.